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The Equality Act 2010〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.legislation.gov.uk/ukpga/2010/15 )〕 is an Act of Parliament of the United Kingdom, and has the same goals as the four major EU Equal Treatment Directives, whose provisions it mirrors and implements.〔see EU Directive 2000/78/EC, 2000/43/EC, 2006/54/EC〕 The primary purpose of the Act is to codify the complicated and numerous array of Acts and Regulations, which formed the basis of anti-discrimination law in Great Britain. This was, primarily, the Equal Pay Act 1970, the Sex Discrimination Act 1975, the Race Relations Act 1976, the Disability Discrimination Act 1995 and three major statutory instruments protecting discrimination in employment on grounds of religion or belief, sexual orientation and age. It requires equal treatment in access to employment as well as private and public services, regardless of the protected characteristics of age, disability, gender reassignment, marriage and civil partnership, race, religion or belief, sex, and sexual orientation. In the case of gender, there are special protections for pregnant women. However, the Act disqualifies transsexual people from gender-specific services if that is "a proportionate means of achieving a legitimate aim".〔Equality Act sch.3, part 7, para 28〕 In the case of disability, employers and service providers are under a duty to make reasonable adjustments to their workplaces to overcome barriers experienced by disabled people. In this regard, the Equality Act 2010 did not change the law. Under s.217, with limited exceptions the Act does not apply to Northern Ireland. ==Background== (詳細はLabour Party included a commitment to an Equality Bill in its 2005 election manifesto. The ''Discrimination Law Review'' was established in 2005 to develop the legislation and was led by the Government Equalities Office. The review considered the findings of the Equalities Review Panel, chaired by Trevor Phillips, which reported in February 2007.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Discrimination Law Review (DLR) )〕 The Act is intended to simplify the law by bringing together existing anti-discrimination legislation. The Equality Act 2010 has replaced the Equal Pay Act 1970, Sex Discrimination Act 1975, Race Relations Act 1976, Disability Discrimination Act 1995, Employment Equality (Religion or Belief) Regulations 2003, Employment Equality (Sexual Orientation) Regulations 2003〔See also, Equality Act (Sexual Orientation) Regulations〕 and the Employment Equality (Age) Regulations 2006. Polly Toynbee wrote that the bill, which was drafted under the guidance of Harriet Harman, was "Labour's biggest idea for 11 years. A public-sector duty to close the gap between rich and poor will tackle the class divide in a way that no other policy has... This new duty to narrow the gap would permeate every aspect of government policy. Its possible ramifications are mind-bogglingly immense." One cabinet member described it with relish as "socialism in one clause".〔(guardian.co.uk: "Harman's law is Labour's biggest idea for 11 years" ) (Toynbee) 13 Jan 2009〕 The Act extends until 2030 the exemption from sex discrimination law allowing political parties to select all women or all men candidate short-lists. The existing exemption until 2015 was created by the Sex Discrimination (Election Candidates) Act 2002. The Parliamentary process was completed following a debate, shortly after 11pm on 6 April 2010, when amendments by the House of Lords were accepted in full.〔See the debate in Hansard HC vol 508 (cols 927-942 ) (6 April 2010)〕 Exactly one month later, Labour was defeated in the United Kingdom general election, 2010. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Equality Act 2010」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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